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Ayatollah Muhammad Asif Mohseni ((ペルシア語:آیتالله العظمی محمد آصف محسنی)) (Sheik Mohseni) (born 1936) is widely considered to be the most powerful Twelver shiite cleric in Afghanistan.〔Mackey, Robert. "Afghan Husbands Win Right to Starve Wives." New York Times. N.p., 17 Aug. 2009. Web. 09 June 2015.〕〔Farmer, Ben. "Shia Cleric Defends Law Said to Legalise Marital Rape." The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, 16 Apr. 2009. Web. 08 June 2015.〕 He is the founder of the Islamic Movement of Afghanistan (''Harakat-I Islami-yi Afghanistan'').〔Arbabzadah, Nushin. "Afghanistan's turbulent cleric". The Guardian. Guardian News & Media, 18 Apr. 2009. Web. 8 June 2015.〕 With strong links to Iran,〔Zarif, Maseh, and Ahmad Majidyar. "Iranian Influence in Afghanistan: Recent Developments." Iran Tracker. N.p., 21 Aug. 2009. Web. 09 June 2015.〕〔Nazar, Zarif, and Charles Recknagel. "Controversial Madrasah Builds Iran's Influence In Kabul." Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. N.p., 6 Nov. 2010. Web. 09 June 2015.〕〔Rubin, Michael. "Iranian Influence in the South Caucasus and the Surrounding Region." American Enterprise Institute. N.p., 5 Dec. 2012. Web. 09 June 2015.〕 he is a Qizilbash born in the Pashtun region of Kandahar to an ethnic Tajik Shia family.〔〔http://www.sabawoon.com/articles/index.php?page=kite_runner〕 He studied in Najaf, Iraq and became an Ayatollah. ==Shia Family Law== In 2009 Mohseni drafted a family law code for Afghanistan's minority Shia population.〔Oates, Lauryn. "Lauryn Oates: Murder in the Streets of Kabul." National Post. Postmedia Network Inc., 30 Mar. 2015. Web. 08 June 2015.〕 The Shia Family Law legislation was signed into law by President Hamid Karzai in March 2009 after intense pressure from Shia clerics including Mohseni and some leaders of the Hazara community.〔Boone, Jon. "Afghanistan's Women Find Their Voice." The Guardian. Guardian News & Media, 17 Apr. 2009. Web. 8 June 2015.〕 It gives Shiite men in Afghanistan wide-ranging powers over their wives, who under the law have the right to starve their wives if their sexual demands are not met. Shiite women must obtain permission from their husbands to leave their houses, “except in extreme circumstances.” The law also grants guardianship of children exclusively to their fathers and grandfathers.〔"Afghanistan: Law Curbing Women's Rights Takes Effect." Afghanistan: Law Curbing Women's Rights Takes Effect. N.p., 14 Aug. 2009. Web. 09 June 2015.〕 The passing of the law brought international outrage and was condemned by world leaders including US President Barack Obama. A report by the United Nations Development Fund for Women, UNIFEM, warned: "Article 132 legalises the rape of a wife by her husband".〔Shakir, Faiz. "Obama Responds To Afghan Law That Legalizes Rape: ‘I Think This Law Is Abhorrent’." ThinkProgress. Center for American Progress, 04 Apr. 2009. Web. 08 June 2015.〕 On 15 April 2009, between 200-300 Afghan women protested against the law outside Mohseni's mosque and seminary. They were met by hundreds of his enraged supporters who shouted abuse and, according to many of the demonstrators, threw stones at the women.〔 The night before the demonstration, a television station owned by Mohseni repeatedly broadcast a message advising people to prevent family members attending the protest.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Asif Mohseni」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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